Energy Forms and Changes & Visual Representation of The Temperature Worksheet
Question Description
This worksheet contains 18 questions, use 1-3 sentences to explain each question.
The website to conduct experiment: https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/energy-for…
You only need to complete the worksheet, it’s NOT a paper.
be sure to explain each question clearly.
Introduction
You will use the PhET simulation Energy forms and changes to predict, experiment, discover and interpret the meaning of the material property known as Specific Heat Capacity.
Warm-Up:
1. Describe what the following terms mean
Temperature —
Heat —
2. Using your definition for temperature above, explain how a thermometer works to provide a visual representation of the temperature
3. Thermometers in the past were filled with mercury but most are now filled with alcohol instead due to safety reasons Why do you think alcohol is used instead or water?
4. The simulator allows you to add the same amount of heat energy to different materials e.g. water, oil, iron, brick. If you are able to measure the temperature of these materials as you are heating them would you predict that each will have the same temperature changes? Explain.
Experiment:
5. Position the iron block on one of the ring stands and move a thermometer to the block to measure the temperature of it. Then click the Energy Symbols tab and begin increasing the heat under the iron. Describe what you observe.
6. Predict what you would see if you are able to measure the temperature of the iron block and Brick block as you supply the same amount of heat to each block.
7. Click the reset button, then drag the iron block on one stand and the brick block on the second stand. Again, put a thermometer in both blocks to measure temperature of each. Click the Energy Symbols and link Heater tabs. Before adding any heat to the blocks, observe any differences in the blocks provide a reason for this.
Observation Analysis:
8. Increase the temperature on the blocks and observe the thermometers and record observations
9. If you wanted to use these experiment to get quantitative observations and create a graph showing trends, list the variables in such an experiment
Independent
Dependent
Control
10. Repeat the comparison done with the blocks above, this time comparing the two liquids. Record your observations
11. Repeat again this time comparing water and iron. Records your results.
12. What does your experiment tell you about water?
Discussion:
Specific Heat Capacity is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a substance per unit of mass e.g. 1 g. It is essentially a property of material that describes its ability to store heat different materials have different specific heat capacities.
Your task here is to determine the relative specific heat capacities of four materials: brick, iron, olive oil and water using the simulation
We’re trying to place the objects in the correct order, from lowest to highest values of c. You will be using a series of comparisons to determine their final order.
Assume all materials have the same mass.
Before you begin, read through the directions and create a suitable data table to record your results.
- Click the “Intro “icon to start the simulation
- Click the “Link Heaters” box in the top-right part of the screen this will ensure the two heaters give out the same amount of energy per second
- Place two different materials on the stands by clicking and dragging them there
- Click and drag a thermometer from the top-left corner of the screen onto each material the thermometer is correctly placed when the left-facing triangle turns the same color as the material
- Click and hold one of the heater temperature controls, then drag it up towards “Heat” and hold it there. You should see the temperature change. When you let go of the heater slider, the materials will slowly cool down; if you need to heat them up again, just click, drag and hold the slider back up again
- When you’re done, click the orange Reset button in the bottom-right corner of the screen. You will have to re-check “Link Heaters” and add new thermometers to each object
- Go through all the possible combinations of materials, compare results, and rank them from lowest to highest value of c
13. Order the materials from smaller to larger specific heat capacity.
14. Conduct research to find the specific heat capacity of water ______ and iron _____.
15. Based on your observations analysis from above explain what you would expect to see when you research the specific Heat Capacity value for copper.
16. The specific heat capacity of copper is ______, this means __________.
17. Clay bricks are used as building materials in construction. Do some research on specific heat capacities of brick, concrete, stone etc and advise on what this means for society
18. An igloo, or snow hut, is a type of shelter built out of snow traditionally used only by the people of Canada’s Central Arctic and Greenland’s Thule area. Conduct research to find the specific heat capacity values of the materials that igloos are built from. Then explain whether these are an efficient choice for design of a home in colder climates
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