Read the full reading and answer all of the guiding questions based on the reading.

Answer all of the following questions after reading:
1) How did the Articles of Confederation allocate powers to the states versus the
federal government?
2) Why, in your view, did the Americans divide powers in this way under the
Articles of Confederation?
3) Would you have voted to ratify the Articles of Confederation? Why or why not?
4) List 2 different approaches that states took when their citizens – in the face of
an economic downturn – were having trouble repaying their debts in the
mid-1780s.
5) What is inflation, why did it arise in some states during the “critical period” of
the mid- 1780s, and did it favor creditors (lenders) or debtors (borrowers)?
6) To what extent do you think Congress’s very limited authority under the
Articles of Confederation contributed to the nation’s problems during the “critical
period?”
7) What was Madison’s main concern about majority rule? Was there evidence
from the “critical period” that supported his concern?
8) Please identify at least two changes Madison recommended to help remedy
what he saw as “vices” in the new nation’s political system.
9) Do you agree with Madison’s strategy for addressing these vices? Give 1-2
reasons why or why not.
10) Do you think the Constitutional Convention was a response to the critical
period? Why or why not?
11) Many delegates at the constitutional convention believed that the powers of
the federal government should be specifically enumerated (listed) in the new
constitution. If you had been a delegate at the convention who worried about the
various problems that emerged during the critical period, what powers would you
have granted to the federal government under the new constitution, and what
powers – if any – would you have denied to the states?
12) List 1-2 advantages of both an absolute Federal Negative and a limited
Federal Negative.
13) If you had been a delegate at the convention in 1787, would you have
supported the inclusion of a “federal negative” in the constitution? If so, would
you have favored the absolute version or the weaker version? If not, why not?
Provide a few reasons.

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